// COMMAND CHAIN

How Pipes & Redirects Work

Chain commands together to build powerful one-liners:

• | - Pipe: sends output of left command to input of right command
• > - Redirect stdout to file (overwrites)
• 2> - Redirect stderr to file

Example: ls | grep log | wc -l

This lists files → filters for "log" → counts the results

Common Commands

• ls - List directory contents
• cat - Display file contents
• grep - Search for patterns
• wc - Count lines, words, characters
• sort - Sort lines
• uniq - Filter duplicate lines
• head, tail - First/last lines of file
• awk - Text processing
• xargs - Build command from input
• find - Search for files
• du - Disk usage
• systemctl - Control system services
• netstat - Network statistics